Mowing-machine



(No Model.) J 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. PINE.

MOWING MACHINE. No.w349,74o. Patented sept.28,1886;v

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(No Model.) I 3 Sheets-Sihet 2.

' J. PINE.

l MOWING MACHINE. No. 349,740. Patented Sept. 2 8, .1886.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

A J. PINE.

l MOWING MACHINE. No. 349,740. Patented Sept. 28', 1886.

N. PETERS. HIMO-UWM, Washington, D. C.

` vent-ion and improvements.

y UNITED STATES? PATENT ,OEEICE.

JAMES PINE, TROY, NEV YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming parl: of Letters Patent No. 349,740, dated September 28, 1886.

.A Application Vfiled November 5, 1584. Serial No. 147,236. (No model.) l Y To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, J AMES PINE, of the city of Troy, county of Rensselaer, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Mowing-Machines, of which the -i`ollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to certa-in improvements in mowing-machines, and which irnprovements have for their object to better adapt such mechanism to the uses forA which they are designed.

Accompanying this specification, to form a part of it, there are three sheets of drawings, containing seven gures illustrating my invention, with the same designation of its partsby letter-reference used in all of them.

In the illustrations, Figure 1 is a perspective of a mowing-machine containing my in- Fig. 2 is a representation in perspective, and as detached from the other mechanism,.of the machineshoe, the hinged plate to which the ngrbar attaches, the sickle and its connection with the pitman, the keeper-plate, and the latch which secures the keeper-plate'in position, and this view also illustrates the end of the bar which connects with Vthe shoe, and

which bar forms a part of a tilting frame; and

tween the frame proper of the machine andr the angle-rod forming a partof a tilting frame, and also the crank-connection with .the pitman. lFig. 5 is a cross-section taken on the line x2 xof Fig.4; and Fig. 6 is a section through the line x x3 of Fig. l, and Fig. 7 a section through the nger-bar on the line x x* of Fig. 1.

The several parts of the machine are designated by letters of reference, and their function is described as follows: gz

The letter F indicates the frame of the machine, whichH is preferably made in 011e piece of cast metal. have the sleeve f', Afor the passage of the axle 55 This 'frame is constructed to A, (on which the framerestsg and which sleeve is enlarged at f2, to inclose a coupler, whichv encircles the axle, and that is used to connect the axle in its rotation with the gearwheels that communicate motion and power 6o to the pitman and sickle. This frame is also constructed to .have the side inclosure, f, with said inclosure extending beyond the axle at the rear, and also extendingforward in advance of the axle, Ithe purpose of this inclosure being to contain the gear-wheels which connect the axle with the pitman and sickle, and to receive the bearings on which the gearwheels located therein turn.

The letter b3 designates a ybrace that attaches 7o' to the inner side .of the front extension, f3, of said frame F', at right angles thereto, and also by its angular part, when extended rearward, connects with the sleeve f, whereinclosingl the axle, between the expansion of said sleeve frame so as to inclose the axle and mechanism 8e connectedwith the latter to operate the sicklebar, and have the mechanism that is inclosed ,within the main frame operating the pitman and sickle-bar on that side of the machine which is opposite to that where the sickle-bar 8 5 is placed, as distinguished from the mechanism shown in the patent to W. A. Kirby, No. 142,111, of August 26,1873, where the main frame is hinged bybrackets to the axle, and

in the Letters Patent to W. Gause, No. 257,858, 9oy

dated May 16, 1882, where t-he mechanism operating the sickle is arranged on that end of the main axle which is adjacent to the sickle. At the front this -inclosure fs'llof the main frame F', by means of a jog made therein, is 95 extended outwardly and horizontally in front ofthe adjacent tracking wheel at ft, toV make room for the revolution of the disk-wheel on which the wrist-pin of the pitman P is placed.

At the front this extension ofthe inclosuref* 10o is made with an end opening, that is closed by means of a hinged cap, C',and the vertical slot i is made in its side for the reciprocating traverse of the pitmau.

The letter O2 designates a hinged cover arranged in the top oi' said inclosure fwhereby access can be had to the gear-wheels contained therein.

The-letter K designates a hinged cover that opens and closes a passage-way for the sleeve f', made in the frame, and by which access is had to the coupler mechanism.

The letter A' indicates the axle, which at each of its ends, where projected through the hubs of the wheels W' W', is made with the ratchet-wheel R', and each of the hubs h' are made to have a pivoted pawl, 19', adapted to engage with one of said ratchet-wheels, so that as the wheels are inoved to progress the machine these pawls will engage with the ratchi ets and cause the axle to turn with the wheels,

and as thelatter are moved rearward the pawls and ratchets will allow the wheels to turn on the axle.

The letter Cv designates a elntch arranged to encircle the axle A within the sleevef' ofthe frame F'.

rlhe letter n' designates an annular groove or recess in the coupler, and I' a crescent-forined and vertically-arranged shipper adapted to enter said groove or recess, and the letters t indicate teeth arranged on the end of the coup ler.

The letter L designates a lever that is pivoted to a standard,.d', with the latter attached to andproj ected from the cover K', and the letter b' indicates a bar connecting said lever with the shipper l', so that as said lever is moved back and forth on a line with the axle the clutch G3 is moved back and forth. also, with its teeth adapted to engage with other teeth to communicate motion and power thereto, as willvbe subsequently described herein.

The letter a' indicates a pin on theqback of the lever L', and the letters o openings in the standard d', to receive said pin, and thus secure the lever in an adjusted position. The pivot-pin of this lever is designated by p2. It is made with the head u' and adapted to pass through the lever, and to have the spring s arranged upon it between the head a and the outer face of the lever, the function of this spring being to keep the clutclrlever up against the standard and the pin c' in one of the holes o' when the lever is adjusted.

The letter Z indicates a slot made in the cover K', for the passage of the clutch-lever bar b' as it is moved to connect or disconnect the clutch.

The letter g' designates a groove formed in the axle, parallel to its sides, and n' a pin attached to the inner surface of the clutch-sleeve, so as to be within said groove and to prevent the clutch from turning on the axle. While I have shown a groove thus made in the axle and a pin arranged on the inner face of the clutch-sleeve, if desired, a feather may be formed on the axle and a groove arranged on the inner face of the clutch-sleeve adapted to receive such feather, and which construction will have the same function.

The letter G' indicates a gearwheel having a sleeve, S',arranged on the machine-axle A', and to which sleeve the gear-wheel G' is attached, sok as to move with it. lThe said sleeve and gear-wheel are free to move on the machine-axle, excepting when the coupler-teeth 1fl2 on the end of the said sleeve S' are in engagement with the teeth t o f the clutch-sleeve, and then said gear-wheel and sleeve S' move with the machine-axle. As this gear-wheel G' and its connected sleeve are placed, when the clutch C3 is moved out on the axleits teeth engage with those on the sleeve S', and thus power and motion are communicated to the latter and the Wheel G'.

The letter l?2 indicates a-pinion-arranged to engage with and gear into the said wheel G', before described, and GZ indicates another gear-Wheel, which, with the said pinion P2, is formed on and so as to move with the sleeve Sarranged on the rod o" for a journal, the said journal being secured in the side walls ofthe inclosuref3 through openings therein by means of a head, lf, on one end of thejournal, and a slot, i', in the other end, the kslot being adapted to receive a key where the end of the journal projects beyond the side wall of the inclosure. As thus made, said sleeve S", journal i", pinion PL', and the connected gear-wheel Gr2 can be removed and replaced by a duplicate of the parts should wear or accident render such a change necessary, and this rcan be done by simply driving ont the key, and then the journal, the said sleeve, Wheel, and pinion can be taken from the inclosure, and, if desired, a duplicate of the parts putin the same position. The letter Grindicatesa beveled gear-wheel, and p* a pinion, and S a sleeve on which said beveled gear-wheel and pinion are secured, so as to turn with said sleeve.

rlhe letter m indicates a journal for the sleeve Si* and its connected bevel-wheel and pinion to turn in. This journal is arranged in opposite openings in the sides of the inclosure f, and saidjonrnal m is held in place by a head, h3, on one of its ends and `a slot, madein its other end, adapted to receive a key where said slotted end of the `journal projects beyond the wall of the inclosuref, and so that the said sleeve S, its connected beveled gear-wheel Gis and pinion p4, and journal m' can be removed and its parts replaced by the same procedure as the sleeve S2, gear-wheel G2, and pinion P2.

The letter D indicates a beveled pinion ar-. ranged within the forward extension of the inclosuref", the shaft of said Wheel D' having its bearing in the inachine-frame at n2. This beveled pinion D' is adapted to engage with the beveled gear-Wheel G, and there is arranged on the outer face of this beveled pinion a crank-wheel, M', constructed with a wristpin, O, to which is pivoted one end of the pitman P', and by which connection there is communicated reciprocating motion to the pitman when the said pinion actuates the wheel M'.

The letter B' designates a bar that has at IOC) one end a connected ring, that loosely ts into an annular groove, gi', made in the forward extension of the inclosure]t3 back of the cap C', and by which ring and groove the said bar is hinged thereat, so as to be on its lower end moved up and down on such connection. The lower end of this -bar B is attached to the vertical plate E at d5, near its rear end, and `by-an angularly-placed brace, b2. the frontend of the plate E is connected with the said bar B. The letter R2 designatesl a rod, which at its rear end is pivoted to the machine-frame at m2, and at its front end said rod is attached to the bar B', as indicated at di, the latter and the said rod forming the tilting frame D2 of the machine, and by means of which the shoe and the operating mechanism connected therewith may be raised from off the ground when the cutting mechanism is not in operation.

The letter L2 designates a lever, which is attached to the side ot' the segment N', the latter being pivoted to the brace b3. This segment is formed with the groove u in its rim to receive achain or rope, l2, one end'of which is secured to the segment and the other end attached to the rod R2, as shown at d3. By means of the lever the tilting frame is raised.

The letterl'z designates a latch on the standard dt," which holds the lever down when the tilting frame is raised.

The letter E indicates a plate that is attached to the endvof the bar B', and which as attached is slightly inclined from aperpendicular at its top toward the pole of the machine.

The middle of thisrplate,`from its topv edge downto a line coincident with the top of the shoe Si is cut out, as indicated at o, for the passage of the pitman P. l A

The letter w designates a plate that is arranged parallel to the plate E', and attached to the latter by a pivot bolt, @having its head on the inner face of the said plate E. At the outer face of the plate w' there are pro- Y jected at right angles thereto the ears e' e', and

the latter are inad'e t0 have hinge-eyes for the passage of a hinging-bolt, and they are ar ranged to be coincident with the hinging-eyes in the ears e2 e?, that are projected upward from the top surface of the shoe S, so that a hinging-bolt can be passed through both sets of eyes and the hinging-connect-ion indicated at H produced.

The letter hl designates an adjustable hinged connection made between the shoe S" and the side of theiplate E', at its front end. This hinged `connection is produced by a. lug, Q, that is projected upward from the face of the shoe, and which is constructed with an eye,

o, for a'hinging-pin, and the letter j" desig nates an angle-plate, one face of which is provided with a vertical slot, i, and a set-screw, mi, to' connect it adjustably to the vert-ical face of the plate E, and the other angle-face of the plate y2 is made with a hinge-eye, that, when in position, is coincident with the eyel in the lug-jij', and so that when a hinging-pin is passed through both of the eyes the hinged yof the pitnian.

connection It" is made. l As thus constructed and arranged, the shoe Si and its attached cntting mechanism can be raised or depressed atV the front by means of the pivot-bolt which connects the plates E and yw and 'the slot i3 and set-screw m5.

The letterUdesignates the iinger-bar, made with the usual iingers, and the'lettcrs a3 indicate guides arranged on the upper surface and inner edge thereof; if, the fingers of the bar, which fingers are slotted horizontally, as indicated at Z1".

The letter g designates a groove made in the top of the inger, and the letter T indicates the serrated sickle, adapted to be moved in the groove g and the slots b* of the fingers.

The upper surface of the sickle, near its outer.

with and draw from out the front end of the nger any grass that would choke the operations ofthe cutter mechanism. y

The letters n3 indicate projecting points on the bottom ofthe sickle, adapted to draw out from the groove g any grass that might be drawn in there to interfere with the operation of the cutter mechanism. 4

The letter d indicates a lugA formed on the front edge of the sickle T, near its inner end, and E2 an opening or eye formed in the front face of the said lug to receive the angular `end The end of t-hc pitman P', where it connects with thesickle, is bent at right angles to iis other part, as indicated at a2 in the annex to Fig. 2 designated at Z. 9 The letter K2 indicates a keeper, and l a latch, both of which have a pivoted connection made by the same pivot, mf', arranged in -the overhanging plate z ofthe finger-bar, the

latch being arranged to be abovethe keeper. This keeper K2 isadnptcd to be swung around on its pivot adjacently to the pitman where the latter is aiigularly Uent'to connect with the sickleeye, but so as not to be in contact with it thereat, the turned-down end a of thev keeper being secured at a point on the shoesurface where it will-allow the free movement o f the sickleand pitman, but where it will prevent the latter from working out Qf-t-he The letter Jindicates acatch-pin that is upwardl y projected from the top of the shoe and formed with the horizontal slot z" in its side,

.which slot the keepcrK2 enters when it is swung on its pivot around toward the pitmanover the face of t-hc keeper and the pin comes roo IZO

over said opening, the purpose of Whichlatch 'and pin is to secure the keeper -from moving out from its location with reference to the pitlnan, While the catel1-pin J' and its slot i* prevent the keeper from swinging in too far near the pitman. Y A

The letter I)3 indicates the tongue, which is hinged to the sleeve f by means of ears e* e, upcasttherefrom, and a hinging-bolt, b5, which passes through the ears and the intermediately-placed pole.

,The letter A2 designates a standard that is upwardly projected from the brace b3, and this standard is constructed with a series of holes, o5, arranged in line and made transversely therein. These holes are adapted to receive a headed bolt, n", that is passed through the pole P'Jin a location therein that is opposite to the row of holes in the standard, the said bolt being made with a nut to secure the parts as thus placed.

rllhe letter Y' designates a clevis-bar, which throughout its length is arranged withv a row of transversely-made holes, a, and this clevisbar at its upper end is hinged to the under side of the pole Ps at h5.

The letter M2 indicates a pivot-plate made with ears e4 e", horizontally projected from the y front thereof, each of said ears being made with an opening for the passage of a linchpin or bolt. These -ears cAk are made to form a pivot-connection with the double-tree (L7, which is secured therein by means of the bolt bl, that is passed through'the ears e and the intermediately-placed double-tree.

The letters e5 e5 designate another set of ears that are vertically projected from the back edge of the plate M, said ears being made with eyes for the passage of a headed bolt, ba, and so arranged that when the clevis-bar is placed between the said ears ef,and the bolt 11S is inserted through the ears and intermediatelyplaced clevis-bar, a pivoted connection is made with the latter thcreat.

The letter ri designates a chain or rope connecting the lower end of the clevis-bar with the bar B' of the tilting frame ofthe machine to which the cutting mechanism attaches.

By the foregoing described connection of clevis, double-tree, and tilting frame the draftline exerted to draw the machine may be vertically raised or lowered by the relative height at which the clevis-bar connects with the machine. The connection by the rope or chain rf being made with the tilting frame D2, to which the cutting mechanism attaches, a portion of the draftforce is exerted to hold up the latter, and to thus better adapt it for passing over undulations and irregularities in the ground. Another' advantage resulting fromr this construction ot' elevis-bar, tilting frame, and double-tree is, that the whii'tletrees are prevented from tilting or dropping, and the draftanimals from getting their feet over the traces.

rlhe tilting frame D2 is arranged to have its hinging attachment so made that the center of the pivot onwhich the rod R2 is hinged at m2 shall be in a line with the center of the wristpin wheel M', to which the crank end of the ypitman attaches, and with the hinging-ring C* of the bar B' so arranged in the groove g2 of the frame-offset that the center of said ring shall be on a line'withthat of the center ofthe wheel M'. As thus conditioned, when the tilting frame and the cutter apparatus are ele vated or depressed the sickle will have the saine throw in its guides, and as the tilting frame is hinged it allows the cutting apparatus to be elevated without throwing or crowding the ngenbar ahead or drawing it back from a right angle with the main frame. All the sleeves upon` which are placed spur-wheels, gear-wheels, and pinions as arranged to receive and transmit power from their position within the inclosurefa, made in the frame F', are constructed to run looselyand free on their bearings. y

While I prefer to make the frame F' in one piece of cast metal, yet it may be made in several parts and connected together, provided the same arrangement and relative construetion of its inclosures to receive the axle, the sleeve, the gear-wheels and pinions, and the disk-wheel of the pitrnan are retained.

rlhe cutter mechanism being attached to the shoe S4, and the latter hinged at I-I' to the plate w', with the latter plate pivoted to the plate E' by the bolt d5, the front end of the shoe being adjustably hinged to the plate E' by the connection h, before described, with vthe latter hinge and the hinge II"\in line with the sickle-eye, I am enabledl to operate the cutting mechanism with a littlevupthrow at the front, if desired, and the rear edge of it low down close to the ground, and should the outer end of the finger-bar strike an obstruction it cannot necessarily change the traverse of the sickle, as it would were the connection between the latter and the pitman made above the hinged line of the shoe.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and. desire to secure by Letters' Patent, is-

l. The combination, with the carriage-axle A', of the frame F', having the axle projected through it, substantially as. shown and -de scribed, and comprised of the tubular sleeve j", formed with the enlarged portion j", the transversely-arranged receptacle f, having the brace I)3 connected to the tubular sleeve, and provided with the cover C2, and the for- Ward extension, f", provided with` exterior annular groove, g2, and cap C', all substantially .as described, and for the purpose stated.

' 2. In a mowing-machine main frame, the combination of the sleeve f', having the enlargementf, made with a top opening thercin, and the cover K', the inclosnre f3, connecting with and arranged at right angles to said sleeve, said inclosnre having a top opening` with the cover G2, hinged to the open-end front offset extension, f", of said inclosnre, having the hinged cap C', and the slot i, made in' the side of said extension, the said parts being ar- IIO IIS

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ranged with `reference to each other and constructed substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

.3. In a mowing-machine, the combination of the sleeve f', made as described, the slotted cover K', hinged to close an opening in the top of said sleeve, the lever L and standard d', attached to the top of said cover, the clutch C3, constructed to encircle the machineaxle within the enlargement of said sleeve, said clutch being made with the teeth t' and the encircling-groove fo', the shipper I', and the-bar b', made to connect said shipper and lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a mowing-machine, the combination of the sleeve f' and the clutch G3, made-'and arranged with reference to each other and the machine-axle substantially as described, the sleeve S', arranged on thesaid axle, the gearwheel G', arranged on said sleeve S', the sleeve S2, arranged `on the bearing-rod 1", the gearwheel Gr2 and pinion P2, arranged on said sleeve S2, the sleeve S3, arranged on the bearing-rod m', the beveled gear-wheel Gr3 and spurwheel p4, arranged on said sleeve S3, and the beveled pinion Dand disk M', the latter having the wrist-pin O2 on the outer face, and said partsbeing arranged to operate substantially in the manner asand for the purposes set forth.

5. In a mowing-machine, the combination of the inclosure f3, constructed and arranged with reference to the. machine-axle and the operation of the sickle as shown, the sleeve S', made with the gear-Wheel G' and arranged onthe machine-axle, the sleeve S2, having arranged thereon the gear-wheel (Si2 and pinion P2, and provided with the removable pintleshaft or bearing-rodi", the sleeve S3, having arranged thereon the spur-wheel p* and bev-' eled gear-wheel G3, and provided with the removable pintle-shaft or bearing-rod m', the

disk-wheel M', made with the beveled pinion.

D' and Wrist-pin O2, and the pitman P', substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a tilting frame foramowing-machine, the combination of the coupling-bar B', made with the ring 0*, adapted to hinge into a groove on the forward extension of the main frame, and the angle-rod R2, pivoted to the rear of the main frame at a2, with its pivotal center thereat coincident with the center of the ring C4 and the center crank-shaft, with the front end of said rod R2 connected with the bar B' at d2, as and for the purposes set forth.

7..In a mowing-machine, the combination of the shoe S4, the hinge H', the plate fw', pivoted to the plate E', and the vertically-adjustable hinge h, constructed to connect said shoe pivoted keeper K2, made with the turneddown end a3, the catch J', and the pivoted latch Z, said parts being constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner as and for the purposes set forth.

10. The combination, with the tongue of the machine, the tilting frame,and the doubletree, of the clevis-bar Y', having a series of holes, a", and pivotally connected to the tongue of the machine, with its lower end depending and flexibly connected to the bar B' of the tilting frame, and vthe clevis M2, having perforated ears e5,adjustably bolted to the clevisbar, and the ears 6*, pivotally connected to the double-tree, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

1l. In a mowing-machine, the combination of the frame F', made with the sleeve f', encircling the machine-axle, the pole P3, hinged to said sleeve where `encircling the axle, the standard A2, made with the holes o5, and upwardly projected from the brace b, and the bolt n4, said parts being constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner as and for the purposes setforth.

Signed at Troy, New York, this 28th day yof July, 1884, and in the presence of the two witnesses whose names are hereto written.

. JAMES PINE.

Witnesses;

CHARLES S. BRINTNALL, PETER S. IIAsKELL. 

